An Introduction to
Operating Systems
Subject-OS

Unit-1


An OS performs basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files and directories on the disk, and controlling peripheral devices such as printers.
An Operating System, or OS, is low-level software that enables a user and higher-level application software to interact with a computer’s hardware and the data and other programs stored on the computer.

An Operating System is a program that acts as an intermediary/interface between a user of a computer and the computer hardware.
OS goals:
Control/execute user/application programs.
Make the computer system convenient to use.
Ease the solving of user problems.
Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner


 

 

Computer Hardware Organization

 

 

An Operating System acts as a communication bridge (interface) between the user and computer hardware. 

Memory Management
It keeps track of primary memory, i.e., which bytes of memory are used by which user program. The memory addresses that have already been allocated and the memory addresses of the memory that has not yet been used.
In multiprogramming, the OS decides the order in which processes are granted memory access, and for how long.
It Allocates the memory to a process when the process requests it and deallocates the memory when the process has terminated or is performing an I/O operation.
Network Management
The OS provides network connectivity and manages communication between computers on a network. It also manages network security by providing firewalls and other security measures.

 

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